Lamp and lantern.



No. 833,951. PATBNTBD OCT. 23.1906.

'0. BBRGENER. LAMP AND LANTERN.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 29. 1904.`.

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APPLICATION FILED SPTAZQ; 1904.

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No. 3331951. PATENTBD 00T. 23, 1903.4

vC. BERGENBR.

` LAMP AND LANTBRN; AP`PLIOATION FILED SEPT. 29. 1904.

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j UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEroE CHARLES BERGEN ER, OF ROCHESTER, NEWYORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE C. T.

HAM MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

LAMP AND LANTEFlN i Spelzcaton of Letters Patent.

Patented ont. 23, 1906.

Application filed September 29, 1904. Serial No. 226,511.

a metallic Y flame-chamber into which the burner proj ects'and which is provided with a reflector, and which have air-inlet contrivances near the top of the chimney from which the air for the support of the flame descends through a passage outside of the flame-chamber.

. The objects of the invention are to improve the construction of the body of the lamp or lantern so as to form a tight and satisfactory air-passage and at the same time render the interior of the body readily accessible andthe structure simple and durable; also, to improve the construction of the lantern-top with a view of perfecting the operation of the devices whereby the supply of air to the burner is effected or controlled under the varying conditions of movement and eX- posure to air-currents, to which the lamp or lantern may be subjected also, to improve the connection of the air-passage of the body with the burner; also, to improve the construction of the reflecting devices also, to providesimple and reliable means for securing the oil-pot to the body of the lamp or lantern in such manner that the oil-pot is not liable to become accidentally detached under the jarring which the lamp or lantern receives in use, while it can be readily and conveniently removed and applied when required. j

In the accompanying drawings, consisting of three sheets, Figure 1 is a front elevation of a vehicle-lamp provided with my im rovernents. Fig. 2 is a side elevation t ereof. Fig/3 is a horizontal section in line 3 3, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional view through the fastening devices of the oil-pot in line 4 4, Fig. 1, showing the locking-bolts in their locked position.4 Fig. 5 is a fragrnentary horizontal sectional view through one of these locking-bolts in its released position. Fig. 6 is a vertical cross-section ofthe lamp in linel 6 6, Fig. 3. Fig. 7 is a partly- Isectional side elevation of the lamp viewed from the side opposite to that shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 8 is a fragmentary vertical section,

on an enlarged scale, of that portion of the l.

lamp which contains the burner. Fig. 9 is a similar view with the oil-pot and burner removed. v Fig. 10 is a horizontal section of the lamp similarto Fig. 3, but on a reduced scale and showing the front glass frame and the back plate opened. Fig. 11 is a fragmentary diagrammatic view of the lamp-top. Figs. 12 and 13 are horizontal sections through the top of the lamp in lines 1212 andi?) 13, Fig. 6, respectively. Fig. 14 is a vertical section showing a modified attachment of the reflector to the back plate. Fig. 15 is a front view of this back late. Fig. 16 is a front view of the back re ector, showing a modified construction thereof. Fig. 17 is a fragmentary vertical section in line 17 1,7, Fig. 16, on an enlarged scale. Fig. 18 is a horizontal section'showing a modified construction of the locking-bolt. y

Like letters of reference refer to like parts in the several figures. y v

The body of the lamp or lantern has the form of a hollow horizontal double-walled cylinder or barrel which is open at the front land rear and to which are hinged a front frame, containing the front glass, and a back frame, ,carryin the rear reflector. The open-ended cylindrical body is composedof an outer horizontal cylindrical or tubular wall A and an inner similar Wall or lining B,

of somewhat smaller diameter, formingbetween them a cylindrical or annularair-passage a. The latter is closed at the front and rear by any suitable means-for instance, `as

shown, by an annular flange b, formed on or secured to the innerwall B and projectin outwardly from the latterto theouter wal A-land at the rearby a similar flange a formedon or secured tothe outer wallA and projecting inwardly to the inner wall B. Thelatlte'rl yis preferably removably inserted into the outer wall A from the' front and isiplated onL its inner side to operate as a reflector. C represents the annular front frame,which contains the front glass c, and is hinged atfc IOO- to one side of the lamp-body. -The latteris i provided at the opposite side withthe usual spring-catch c2 for` holding the front frame close Thisframe is vprovided with an internal forwardly-flaring reflector c3, forming IOS with the surrounding frame a hollow annular structure. This reflector is removably arranged in the frame, whereby the plating of the reflector is simplified. The frame and the reflector are preferably provided near the glass with upper and lower perforations c4 c5, respectively, to permit of a circulation of air on the inner side of the glass and prevent sweating of the same. The glass is secured to the rim of the frame by any suitable fastening-for instance, by a divided ring c6 and clamp-screw c7, Figs. 1, 2, and 7.

The back plate D is preferably made concave on its front side and hinged at one side to the body A, as shown at d, and secured at the other side by a spring-catch d or is otherwise movably attached. This plate carries on its front side a concave reflector E, which may be secured to the back plate in various ways. In the construction represented in Figs. 3, 6, and 10 the back plate is provided with diverging spring-arms e, which yieldingly grasp the rim of the reflector, while in the construction represented in Figs. 14 and 15 the back plate is provided at its lower front side with a socket e for the reception of a tang or arm e2, secured to the rear side of the reflector, and the upper portion of the reflector is engaged by a spring-arm e3 on the back plate. Either construction permits the ready removal of the reflector from the back plate. The reector has its face side preferably covered with a protecting glass plate e4, which is applied to the rim or marginal portion of the reflector and is removably heldin place by any suitable means. In the construction represented in Figs. 3 and 6 the rim of the reflector is slitted and bent over the glass plate, as indicated at e5, while in the construction represented in Figs. 16 and 17 the rim of the reflector is provided with an annular groove e, in which the glass plate is held by a divided wire ring e7. The reflector is preferably provided near theglass plate with upper and lower perforations es, which permit a circulation of air through the space between the reflector and the glass plate for keeping the plate cool and clear. The back plate is preferably provided in rear of the reflector with a lens or jewel e", which may be illuminated in various ways. In the construction represented in Figs. 3 and 10 the reflector is somewhat smaller in diameter than the inner wall or lining B of the body and leaves an annular space elo around its margin through which light is diffused rearwardlyto the lens. In the construction represented in Figs. 14 and 16 the reflector is provided with a small central opening e, through which light passes directly to the lens or jewel. The tubular body-wall A may be provided at one side with the usual attaching-socket f or other attaching means. The horizontal cylindrical form of the inner wallB of the lamp-body provides a flamechamber of comparatively large size which holds an ample body of air, whereby the coinbustion is improved, and in which the surfaces of the inner cylindrical reflecting-wall and of the rear reflector are so far distant from the llame that they are not liable to be injured by heat or obscured by smoke or soot. The air-passage which envelops this cylindrical reflecting-wall B is of uniform width from the front to the rear end of this wall and is unobstructed, forming a passage of large carrying capacity, although comparatively shallow.

The upper portion of the lamp or lantern structure, which contains the contrivances for admitting the air and emitting the prod- `ucts of combustion, is constructed as follows:

G represents an upright cylinder forming the outer wall of a descending annular air-passage g. This-vertical cylindrical wall is secured upon the horizontal cylindrical wall A of the body portion by any suitable means in such manner that the air-passage g connects with the cylindrical or annular air-passage a between the body-wall A and its lining B. II represents the metallic chimney which is arranged centrally within the upright wall G and which joins at its lower end the upper portion of the inner horizontal wall or lining B of the body portion. This lining is preferably provided with a short upwardly-proj ecting collar lt, which surrounds the opening h in the lining, through which the products of combustion escape therefrom and which projects into the lower portion of the chimney H and bridges the joint between the latter and the lining B. The collar 71. is made so short that the lining B can be inserted into the outer body-wall A and the collar t can be introduced into the chimney by a tilting rearward and upward movement of the lining. I represents an annular horizontal flange which is arranged above the upper end of the upright cylinder G and is separated therefrom by an air-passage i. This flange TOO IIO

is preferably supported on the cylinder G by posts c, Fig. 7, and the inner portion of the flange is preferably turned downwardly, as shown at t2. K represents an air-injecting cylinder which is arranged between the outer cylinder G and the chimney H and inside of the flange I, being separated from the latter by an air-passage 7c. This cylinder is provided above the flange I with an upwardlyflaring portion k2, which extends higher than the chimney H and is provided at its upper end with an inwardly-projecting flange L, which preferably rises inwardly and which is provided with air-inlet openings Z. M represents a cylindrical collar which extends downwardly from the inner edge of the flange L to a point at a suitable distance below the top of the chimney H. This collar M is separated from the chimney by an annular airpassage m and from the surrounding injected in a downward direction.

sas-,951

ing-cylinder K by anannular air-passage m.

N represents the usual top plate or cap, which is supported at a suitable distance above the flange L by posts n or yother suitable means to form openings 'n' for the escape of the products of combustion. lThe parts of the lantern-top are preferably supported, as shown, lpon the body-wall A by the outer cylinder which is secured to said body. The injecting-cylinder is secured to the cylinder G by any suitable means-for instance, arms o, Fig. 13. The injectin -collar M is secured to the cylinder K by the ange L, and the chimney H is secured to the collar N by arms o', Fig. 12. Other suitable fastening means may, however, be employed, if desired.

In the operation of this lamp or lantern the products of combustion lpass upwardly through the chimney H and collar M and escape through the openings underneath the top plate N. Air `currents which pass through the space between the top plate N and the flange L may be more or less deflect- If such a cur-v rent strikes -`a ainst lthe inner side of the collar M, it is de ected thereby into the annular space m between the collar and the chimney H, and lso reaches the ldescending passage g, between the-chimney and the outer cylinder G, and flows to the burner.` Such air-currents 'entering the top portion of the lantern are by this means prevented from blowing down the rchimney with full force, whereby the flame would be caused to smoke or in extreme cases extinguished. Air-currents which strike against the upper sloping flange L are injected into the passage m between the collar M and the injecting-cylinder K and pass into the passage g. Air-currents which strike against the upper downwardly-tapering portion lc? vof the cylinder K are deflected downwardly thereby and enter the passage g through the space k Air-currents which strike against the under side of the flange I enter the passage g through the space i. All of these currents tend to pass downwardly through the passages g and a and maintain the flow of air in the proper direction to sustain the flame; but if an excessive blast should enter these passages it can vent itself in an upward direction through these various inlets, particularly on that side of leach inlet which is not exposed to the direct force of the blast. A copious supply of fresh air in the proper direction to support the flame is by these devices maintained under all conditions of movement of the lamp or lantern and of exposure to air-currents, while an excessive supply of vair to the flame and injurious 'downward blasts in the chimney are prevented. The lanternv or lamp is .thereby enabled to sustain a bright and steady flame at all times.

The lower portion of the lamp, in which the ofilfpot and burner are arranged, is constructed as follows P represents the oil-pot, having the usual collar p, in which is seated the burner p, having the usual perforated gallery 2,. Figs. 6 and 8. p3 is the cylindrical wall of tile air-chamber, which surrounds 'the collark p. P represents the burner-cone, resting, as usual, by a shoulder upon the perforated gallery p2 and having skirt p4 resting upon the wall p3 of the air-chamber and provided above the latter with air passages or perforations p5. The burner-cone projects upwardly through an opening in the lowerportion of the inner wall or lining B of the lamp or lantern, and this opening is preferably formed in a raised substantially horizontal annular diaphragm g, secured in the lower portion of the lining B. This diaphragm preferably fits snugly around the burner-cone and is provided with perforations g', through which a limited amount of air passes from the assage a to the'space within the lining B, w ich forms the flame-chamber. R represents the lower collar or bodyf-hoop of the lantern, which preferably flares downwardly and which receives the removable oil-pot P. This body-hoop is provided in its upper portion with an upwardly-tapering 'or conical annular diaphragm r, into which the skirt of the burner-cone projects in such manner that the perforations p5 of the cone are located above this lower *diaphragm r and below the upper diaphragm q. When theroilot and burner are attached to the b'ody of t e lamp or lantern, the air passes from the descending annular passage 'a into the space between the upper diaphragm q and the lower 'diaphragmn The main portion of the air passes from the space through the perforations p5 in the skirt of the burner-cone into the chamber pi* and from the latter through the perforated 'gallery p2 to the interior of the burner-cone. A

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comparatively small portion of the air supplied through the passage a passes through the perforations of the upper diaphragm g into the interior of the lamp-body outside of the burner-cone. This air prevents `overheating of the llame-chamber and also aids in perfecting the combustion. The flamechamber of this lamp or lantern is a h'orizontal cylinder or housing having double walls which are connected at the front and rear, forming a descendingv annularair-pas- I I'O sage which receives the supply of air from .opened at the rear, the surfaces of the chamber and of the rear reiiector can be conveniently reached for cleaning and other purposes.

The oil-pot may be detachably secured to the lamp-body by any suitable fastening devices. The preferred fastening devices which are shown in the drawings are constructed as follows: The oil-pot is provided on its upper side with an upwardly-pro ecting marginal attaching-collar S, Figs. 6 and 8,.which fits with its enlarged upper portion S snugly into the lower cylindrical portion 1^ of the body-hoop Rand bears with its upper end against a shoulder r2 at the upper end of the cylindrical portion r. The collar S is provided below the enlarged upper portion Sl with an annular shoulder S2. T represents two horizontal lockingbolts which are journaled tangentially in the lower portion r of the body-hoop on diametrically opposite sides thereof. These bolts are constructed on one side with a retreating or recessed portion of any suitable shape orconstruction, so that upon turning the"bolts` about their axes to presentthe retreating or recessed side inwardly they will not obstruct theinterior of the cylindrical portion r of the body-hoop and permit the collar S of the oilpot to be freely inserted into the same or to be removed therefrom, while by turning the bolts out of this position portions of the bolts will project inwardly underneath the shoulder S2 of the collar S and lock the latter to the body-hoop. This result is conveniently produced by providing each bolt on one side with a concave recess t, Figs. 4, 5, 8, and 9, which is curved concentric with the inner side of the lower portion 1^/ of thebody-hoop. When the bolts are so turned that these recesses are presented inwardly, as shown in Figs. 5 and 9,they do not project beyond the inner cylindrical surface of the body-hoop, and the oilepot can be freely inserted or removed. In order to lock the oil-pot to the body-hoop, the bolts are given half a turn after the oilpot has been inserted. This causes the recessed side of each bolt to be presented outwardly and the solid portion of 'the bolt to project inwardly underneath the shoulder of the attaching-collar S, Figs. 4 and 8. This shoulder has a beveled or curved lower face, and the bolts in turning from their unlocked to their locking position engage underneath this shoulder and force or wedge the collar upwardly against the internal shoulder of the body-hoop. When the bolts have been turned into their locking position, (represented inFigs. 4 and 8,) they grip the collar of the oil-pot on diametrically opposite sides and also press the collar upwardly against the shoulder ofthe body-hoop, whereby the oilpot is" securely locked at opposite sides against up-and-down as well as sidewise movement and securely and tightly attached to the body of the lamp or lantern, so that the oil-pot does not rattle in the body and the bolts are not liable to work loose under the ivibrations of the vehicle to which the lamp is attached. As the attaching-collar is made of sheet metal, it accommodates itself to a certain extent to the wedging or clamping action of the bolts. These rotary locking-bolts are preferably journaled in housings or bearings t, secured tangentially to the outer side of the body-hoop and cut away at the middle on the inner side to expose the middle portion of each locking-bolt inwardly. The locking-bolts are provided with handles 2 of any suitable construction or form for turn ing the same, and these handles are preferably so arranged that they extend downwardly when the bolts are in their locking position. The movement of the handles to the locking position (represented in Figs. 1 and 2) is limited by the oil-pot, which forms a stop to the turning movement of the handles and arrests that movement when the handles have reached the locked position. For inserting the oil-pot into the lamp-body the handles are turned upwardly out of their de- 'pressed position until the recessed portions lof the locking-bolts are turned inwardly, as represented in Fig. 9. These bolts form very simple, reliable, and convenient locking de- Ivices, which securely attach the oil-pot to the lamp-body against accidental displacement and loss under the jolting and jarring which such lamps receive in use. The connection of the oil-pot with the lamp-body is made by simply inserting the oil-pot into the lampbody by a straight or axial movement and :then turning the locking-bolts, thus avoid- Qing any rotary or tipping movement of the oil-pot and lamp-bodyrwith reference to each other for making' the attachment or disconnecting the parts.` Instead of forming' the ,retreating portion by recessing the body of fthe locking-bolt it may be formed by bend- :ing the same, as represented at T, Fig. 18. j The improvements described. and shown herein are mainly designed for use in vehicle lamps or lanterns 5 but some of them are also applicable to other styles of lamps or lan.- terns, and in referring in the claims to lamps only for the sake of brevity I wish it to be understood that I include other analogous illu minating apparatus.

I claim as my invention-4 l. The combination of a lamp-body have ing a horizontal cylindrical {lame-chamber which is open at the front and rear and which comprises an inner cylindrical wall and an outer cylindrical wall connected at their front and rear ends and forming between them a descending ainpassage which receives air at its upper end, a back movably attached to the open rear end of said body, a front frame movably attached to the open front end of said body, an oil-pot secured to the lower portion of said body, and a burner on said oil-pot which projects through said iuner cylindrical wall into said flame-chamber IOO IIO

and receives air from said air-passage, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of a lamp-body having a horizontal cylindrical flame-chamber which is open lat the front Vand rear and which comprises an inner cylindrical wall and an outer cylindrical wall connected at their front and rear ends and forming between thema descending air-passage which receives air at its upper end, a back movably attached to the yo en rear end of said body, a reflector attache to said back and arranged at the open rear end of said body, a front frame movably attached to the open front end of said body, an oil-pot secured to the lower portion of said body, and a burner on said oilpot which projects through said inner cylindrical wall into said flame-chamber and receives air from said air-passage, substantially as set forth. l 1

3. The combination of a lamp-body having a horizontal cylindrical flame-chamber which is open at the front and rear, and which comprises an inner cylindrical wall and an outer cylindrical wall connected at their front and rear ends and forming `between them a descending air-passage which receives air at its upper end, a back movably attached to the open rear end of said body and provided with a rear reflector, and a front glass frame movably attached to the open front end of the body and'provided with an annular reflectorl which is arranged within said frame land in front of said body, substantially as set forth.

4. A lamp having its top portion composed of a chimney7 a surrounding wall forming therewith la descending air-passage, an injecting-wall arranged between the chimney and said surrounding wall and separated from the chimney and said surrounding wall by air-inlet passages, and an injecting-collar arranged between the upper portion of the chimney and said injecting-wall and separated from the chimney and said injectingwall by air-inlet passages, substantially as set forth.

5. A lamp having its top portion composed of a chimney, a surrounding wall forming therewith a descending air-passage, an injecting-wall arranged between the chimney and said surrounding wall and separated from the chimney and said surrounding wall by air-inlet passages, an annular flange arranged above said surrounding wall and having an air-inlet on its under side, and an injecting-collar arranged between the upper portion of the chimney and said injecting-wall and separated from the chimney and said injectingwall by air-inlet passages, substantially as set forth. l

6. A lamp having its top portion composed of a chimney, a surrounding wall forming therewith a descending air-passage, an injecting-wall arranged between the chimney and said surrounding wall and separated from the chimney and said surrounding wall by air-inlet passages, an injectingcollar arranged .bel tween the upper portion of the chimney and said injecting-wall and separated from the chimney and said injecting-wall by air-inlet passages,and a fperforated flange connecting f the upper end o said injecting-wall with the upper end of said injecting-collar, substantially as set forth.

7. A lamp having its top portion composed of a chimney, a surrounding wall forming ytherewith a descending air-passage, an annular flange arranged above said surrounding wall, an injecting-wall which is 'arranged between thel chimney and said surrounding wall and separated from said flange by an air-inlet, said injecting-wall being formed` with an upwardly-flaring portion above said flange, and an injecting-collar arranged between the upper portion of the chimney and said injecting-wall, substantially as set forth.

8. A lamp having its top portion'composed of a chimney, an injecting-collar which surrounds the upper portion of the chimney and extends above the same, being separated therefrom by an air-inlet passage, a wall surrounding the chimney and forming therewith a descending air-passage with which lsaid airinlet passage communicates, and air-injecting means arranged outside of said injecting-collar for injecting air into said descending air-passage from above, substantially as set forth.

9. A lamp having its top portion composed of a chimney, a surrounding injecting-collar vextending above the same and separated therefrom by an air-inlet passage, an injecting-wall surrounding said injecting-collar, an outer surrounding wall, and a flange arranged above said outer wall and separated from the same and from the injecting-wall by air-inlet passages, substantially as set forth. 10. A lamp having an annular diaphragm in the lower portion of 4its flame-chamber and having below the flame-chamber aV bodyhoop provided with an annular diaphragm, means for'supplying air to the space between said diaphragms, an oil-pot adapted to be inserted into the body-hoop from below, and a burner on the oil-pot which projects with its cone through the openings of said diaphragms and has the lower end of itscone provided with air-inlets in line with the space between the diaphragms, substantially as set forth.

11, The combination of a lamp-body con-l taining the flame-chamber and having a bodyhoop open at the bottom for the insertion of the oil-pot and an internal bearing-shoulder, an oil-pot having an attaching-collar which is inserted into the body-hoop against said bearing-shoulder and provided with an outwardly-overhanging locking -shoulder, and rotatable locking-bolts arranged tangentially in said body-hoop on opposite sides of said collar and below the locking-shoulder thereof ICO and adapted to engage the collar on opposite sides and press the saine upwardly against said bearing-shoulder, said bolts being provided with retreating portions which, when presented inwardly, clear the shoulder of the collar, substantially as set forth.

12. The combination of a lamp-body containing the llame-chamber and having a `body-hoop open at the bottom for the inshoulder thereof and adapted to engage the collar on opposite sides and press the saine upwardly against said bearing -shoulder, said bolts being provided with retreating portions which, when presented inwardly, clear the shoulder of the collar, handles on said bolts for turning the saine, and a sto which arrests the movement of the handles in the locked position, substantially asset forth.

Witnessniny hand this 24th day of September, 1904.

CHARLES BERGENER. 

